Toll-like-Rezeptor 2
Das TLR2-Gen kodiert den Toll-like-Rezeptor 2, der sich auf der Außenseite der Zellmembran auf die Erkennung bakterieller Lipopeptide spezialisiert hat. Genetische Veränderungen modulieren die Anfälligkeit gegenüber Lepra und andere Mycobakterien.
Gentests:
Klinisch |
Untersuchungsmethoden |
Familienuntersuchung |
Bearbeitungszeit |
5 Tage |
Probentyp |
genomische DNS |
Verknüpfte Erkrankungen:
Referenzen:
1. |
Mikita N et al. (2009) No involvement of non-synonymous TLR2 polymorphisms in Japanese leprosy patients.
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2. |
Shishido T et al. (2003) Toll-like receptor-2 modulates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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3. |
Ogus AC et al. (2004) The Arg753GLn polymorphism of the human toll-like receptor 2 gene in tuberculosis disease.
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4. |
Bornstein SR et al. (2004) Impaired adrenal stress response in Toll-like receptor 2-deficient mice.
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5. |
Hoebe K et al. (2005) CD36 is a sensor of diacylglycerides.
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6. |
Malhotra D et al. (2005) TLR2 Arg677Trp polymorphism in leprosy: revisited.
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7. |
Schröder NW et al. (2005) Heterozygous Arg753Gln polymorphism of human TLR-2 impairs immune activation by Borrelia burgdorferi and protects from late stage Lyme disease.
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8. |
Mullick AE et al. (2005) Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2.
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9. |
Boraska Jelavić T et al. (2006) Microsatelite GT polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2 is associated with colorectal cancer.
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10. |
Sato A et al. (2006) Dual recognition of herpes simplex viruses by TLR2 and TLR9 in dendritic cells.
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11. |
Schauber J et al. (2007) Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D-dependent mechanism.
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12. |
Rolls A et al. (2007) Toll-like receptors modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
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13. |
Bochud PY et al. (2008) Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) polymorphisms are associated with reversal reaction in leprosy.
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14. |
Darville T et al. (2003) Toll-like receptor-2, but not Toll-like receptor-4, is essential for development of oviduct pathology in chlamydial genital tract infection.
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15. |
Kim S et al. (2009) Carcinoma-produced factors activate myeloid cells through TLR2 to stimulate metastasis.
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16. |
Alves-Filho JC et al. (2009) Regulation of chemokine receptor by Toll-like receptor 2 is critical to neutrophil migration and resistance to polymicrobial sepsis.
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17. |
Manicassamy S et al. (2009) Toll-like receptor 2-dependent induction of vitamin A-metabolizing enzymes in dendritic cells promotes T regulatory responses and inhibits autoimmunity.
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18. |
Tanigawa K et al. (2009) Tryptophan aspartate-containing coat protein (CORO1A) suppresses Toll-like receptor signalling in Mycobacterium leprae infection.
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19. |
Hise AG et al. (2009) An essential role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in host defense against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans.
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20. |
Almeida PE et al. (2009) Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection induces TLR2-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and activation: functions in inflammation, lipid metabolism, and pathogenesis.
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21. |
West XZ et al. (2010) Oxidative stress induces angiogenesis by activating TLR2 with novel endogenous ligands.
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22. |
Toubiana J et al. (2011) IMPDHII protein inhibits Toll-like receptor 2-mediated activation of NF-kappaB.
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23. |
Round JL et al. (2011) The Toll-like receptor 2 pathway establishes colonization by a commensal of the human microbiota.
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24. |
Xiong Y et al. (2012) R753Q polymorphism inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 tyrosine phosphorylation, dimerization with TLR6, and recruitment of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88.
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25. |
Shirey KA et al. (2013) The TLR4 antagonist Eritoran protects mice from lethal influenza infection.
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26. |
Spurthi KM et al. (2018) Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency hyperactivates the FoxO1 transcription factor and induces aging-associated cardiac dysfunction in mice.
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27. |
Brightbill HD et al. (1999) Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through toll-like receptors.
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28. |
Rock FL et al. (1998) A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll.
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29. |
Muzio M et al. (2000) Differential expression and regulation of toll-like receptors (TLR) in human leukocytes: selective expression of TLR3 in dendritic cells.
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30. |
Xu Y et al. (2000) Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains.
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31. |
Takeuchi O et al. (2002) Cutting edge: role of Toll-like receptor 1 in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins.
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32. |
Alexopoulou L et al. (2002) Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient mice.
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33. |
Krutzik SR et al. (2003) Activation and regulation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 1 in human leprosy.
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34. |
West AP et al. (2011) TLR signalling augments macrophage bactericidal activity through mitochondrial ROS.
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35. |
Takeuchi O et al. (2000) Cutting edge: TLR2-deficient and MyD88-deficient mice are highly susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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36. |
Blander JM et al. (2004) Regulation of phagosome maturation by signals from toll-like receptors.
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37. |
Jiang D et al. (2005) Regulation of lung injury and repair by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan.
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38. |
Zhang D et al. (2015) Neutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome.
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39. |
Chaudhary PM et al. (1998) Cloning and characterization of two Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor-like genes TIL3 and TIL4: evidence for a multi-gene receptor family in humans.
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40. |
Kadowaki N et al. (2001) Subsets of human dendritic cell precursors express different toll-like receptors and respond to different microbial antigens.
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41. |
Aliprantis AO et al. (1999) Cell activation and apoptosis by bacterial lipoproteins through toll-like receptor-2.
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42. |
Hirschfeld M et al. (1999) Cutting edge: inflammatory signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins is mediated by toll-like receptor 2.
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43. |
Underhill DM et al. (1999) The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens.
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44. |
Aderem A et al. (2000) Toll-like receptors in the induction of the innate immune response.
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45. |
Harju K et al. (2001) Ontogeny of Toll-like receptors Tlr2 and Tlr4 in mice.
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46. |
Thoma-Uszynski S et al. (2001) Induction of direct antimicrobial activity through mammalian toll-like receptors.
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47. |
Kang TJ et al. (2001) Detection of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mutation in the lepromatous leprosy patients.
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48. |
Re F et al. (2001) Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 differentially activate human dendritic cells.
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49. |
Wolfs TG et al. (2002) In vivo expression of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 by renal epithelial cells: IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha mediated up-regulation during inflammation.
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50. |
Supajatura V et al. (2002) Differential responses of mast cell Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in allergy and innate immunity.
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51. |
Oliveira RB et al. (2003) Expression of Toll-like receptor 2 on human Schwann cells: a mechanism of nerve damage in leprosy.
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52. |
Bochud PY et al. (2003) Cutting edge: a Toll-like receptor 2 polymorphism that is associated with lepromatous leprosy is unable to mediate mycobacterial signaling.
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Update: 23. Juni 2025