Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism

Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the transcription factor GLIS3. In addition to congenital hypothyroidism and a diabetes mellitus that develops within the first few month, various dysmorphic features are present.

Clinical Findings

The clinical picture includes functional and morphological features

• already in uteri a growth retardation can be observed
• renal involvement includes parenchymal damage and cysts
• liver disease manifest as hepatitis, fibrosis, and zirrhosis
• facial dysmorphisms involve low-set ears, epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, and thin upper lip.[Error: Macro 'ref' doesn't exist]

Symptoms

Renal cysts
	Cysts are the typical renal manifestation of NDH syndrome.

Systematic

Neonatal diabetes mellitus
	Leprechaunism
	Mitchell-Riley syndrome
	Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism
		GLIS3
	Pancreatogenic diabetes
	Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus
	Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome
	Renal cysts and diabetes (RCAD)
	Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 1
	Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 2
	Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 3
	X-linked immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, and enteropathy

References:

1.	Taha D et al. (2003) Neonatal diabetes mellitus, congenital hypothyroidism, hepatic fibrosis, polycystic kidneys, and congenital glaucoma: a new autosomal recessive syndrome?

2.	Senée V et al. (2006) Mutations in GLIS3 are responsible for a rare syndrome with neonatal diabetes mellitus and congenital hypothyroidism.

3.	Dimitri P et al. (2011) Novel GLIS3 mutations demonstrate an extended multisystem phenotype.

4.	Dimitri P et al. (2015) Expanding the Clinical Spectrum Associated With GLIS3 Mutations.

5.	Orphanet article Orphanet ID 168569

6.	OMIM.ORG article Omim 610199